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Hollinger Corp. 

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408 
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Issued By~ 

STATE TUBERCULOSIS 
SANATORIUM 

sanatorium, Fom Green County.Texas 



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To the Teachers of Texas: 



The degree of success to be attained in the campaign against 
communicable diseases depends not so much upon the treatment 
of existing cases of tuberculosis, typhoid, smallpox and the like, 
as it does upon the PREVENTION of further spread of these 
diseases. 

A person suffering from a communicable disease may or may 
not get well, but with the application of proper methods the ten, 
hundred or thousand persons coming in contact with the sick 
one may and should be prevented from "taking" the disease 
from him. 

A knowledge of communicable diseases, and of preventive 
measures to be employed against their further spread, does not 
come of itself. It must be imparted. As it is possible to reach 
only a small per cent of grown people in an educational way and 
also, as it is difficult to change the beliefs and opinions of adults, 
we must exert our best efforts along this line upon the child. 
The schoolroom is undoubtedly the proper field of endeavor for 
this form of education. 

It is to assist the teachers of Texas, working as they are for 
the future and for the good of coming generations, that this little 
book has been prepared. It is assumed, without question, that 
no teacher in this Great State will fail to do his or her share of 
doing away with the great toll paid by humanity because of its 
present lack of knowledge of preventive measures to be taken 
against disease. 

Sincerely, 

J. B. McKNIGHT, 
Superintendent and Medical Director, 

State Tuberculosis Sanatorium, 

Carlsbad, Texas. 



LIBRARY 66.$QNQRI8B 
r.E^iivEO 

MAB181M1 

DOCUMENTS DIVISION 




Protecting Youth 
the Man-ftWef oP 
the Future 

Never since the birth of our 
beloved nation has the import- 
ance of the protection of the 
health of our children been so 
vital as it is today. 

We are standing on the thresh- 
hold of the re-making of the world. 
We, the American people will be 
expected to do a large part in carry- 
ing on of the great work which has 
been begun at so ghastly a cost in 
blood and money. 



It is very important that the ideals we have fought 
for shall be maintained now that the war is won and it 
is the children in our care today upon whose shoulders 
this great task will fall. 

Shall we send these, our children of today, the men 
and women of tomorrow, into the fray half equipped, 
or shall we see that they are endowed with that neces- 
sary requisite for long and arduous labor — GOOD 
HEALTH? 



It is necessary to eradicate old false ideas. Parents 
must be taught (through their children) that it is wrong 
to expose children to measles or whooping cough in 
order to "get it over with." They must also be taught 
that if a child is sick, even though it has only a "cold," 
it must be kept at home and the services of a physician 
sought, if the occasion warrants. 

Superintendents of schools, teachers and others in- 
terested in child welfare should redouble their efforts 
and leave no stone unturned that the great work of 
protecting the health of our children, and instructing 
them concerning communicable diseases, shall have a 
first position in the many activities of the day. 



Ffesli Aii^ And 

Sunshine in 

Schools 




Badly ventilated, stuffy school rooms make chil- 
dren dull and listless. They become depressed, stupid 
and languid. Instead of bright, wide-awake studying, 
the task becomes boresome. Heads droop and a general 
apathy pervades the entire class. 

Nothing is more unnatural to children. There is 
something radically wrong when this condition exists. 
It is due to a lack of fresh air. It is inhumane to force 
study under these conditions. 

Poorly ventilated, overheated and closely crowded 
school rooms affect all children, especially the anemic 
and undernourished. 

Not only is study retarded, but the children are 
predisposed to colds, their growth is stunted and their 
general health endangered. 

Ample fresh air and sunshine, especially when em- 
bodied in the form of the OPEN AIR SCHOOL, have 
saved hundreds of children from lives of invalidism, de- 
pendency and inactivity by giving them healthy bodies 
and a good start in life. 




Measles 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Begins like a cold in the head, with fever, running nose, 
watery, inflamed eyes and sneezing. The rash appears about 
the third day and consists of small, irregular groups of dull- 
red, slightly raised spots. They are usually first seen on the 
forehead and face, and they rapidly spread over the entire 
body. The rash may almost disappear if the patient becomes 
chilled, but reappears if the patient again becomes warm. 

A positive sign of measles is the so-called Koplik spots. 
These are bluish-white specks upon a red ground, which are 
best seen in the inside of cheeks opposite the molar teeth. 
Strong sunlight may be necessary to see these. 

Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. 

Incubation Period 

7 to 18 days; most often 14. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease. Child may return to school 
five days after disappearance of rash if nose and throat are 
free from discharges. 

Exclude other children who are from same home unless 
there is a change of residence, in which case exclude for 14 
days, and then readmit if there have been no symptoms of 
disease and if children do not return to infected house. 

Remarks 

Measles is infectious even before the rash appears, 
effects are often more serious than the disease. 



Measles 



After 



German Measles 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Illness usually slight. Onset sudden. The rash is gen- 
erally the first thing noted. Unlike measles, there is no cold 
in the head, although the eyes may be inflamed and slight 
fever and sore throat may accompany the attack. 

Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. 

Incubation Period 

10 to 12 days. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease. Child may return seven days 
after disappearance of rash. 

Well children from same home may attend school. 

Remarks 

German Measles is usually very mild. 
The danger from it is slight, although none of the usual 
precautions should be neglected. Almost no after effects. 



German 
Measles 



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Mumps 



Chicken 
Pox 



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Mumps 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

The onset may be sudden or gradual, beginning usually 
with sight fever, nausea, pain and swelling about the angle of 
the jaw. The jaws may be stiff and the saliva sticky. 

Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. 

Incubation Period 

2 to 3 weeks. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease until all swelling has disap- 
peared. This usually requires a period of three weeks. 
Well children from same home may attend school. 

Remarks 

Mumps is very infectious. Early symptoms should there- 
fore be noticed and patient immediately excluded. Defective 
hearing may be a serious after effect. 



Chicken Pox 

Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Onset gradual. May be no symptoms. Usually there is 
feverishness, but this may be very mild. 

Rash appears on second day as small raised pimples which 
shortly become filled with clear fluid; later scabs form. There 
may be successive crops of this rash up to the tenth day. 

Source of Infection. 

Fresh or dried exudate from eruption. 

Incubation Period. 

10 to 15 lays. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease until all scabs have disap- 
peared. Well children from same house may attend school. 

Remarks 

When the child returns, examine the head for overlooked 
scabs and scales. 

A mild disease and there are seldom any after effects. 




<The School Dinner" Pail and 
Da^gef of the Public Drinking Cup 



The school dinner pail is a source of good or evil, de- 
pending upon what is put into it. 

A hungry or ill-nourished child cannot learn. Many 
children fall behind and finally drop out of school because they 
are underfed. 

The wholesomeness of food does not depend upon its 
expensiveness. The best food for children is oft-times the 
less expensive. Excessive sweets, heavy pastries and the like 
should be avoided. 

If possible the child should have one warm dish, such as 
cocoa or soup as a part of the regular school lunch. After a 
simple, wholesome meal a child returns to work with new 
energy. 

One of the most important of all health matters to im- 
press upon children is the use of the individual drinking cup. 
The school that furnsihes a common drinking cup offers a 
ready means of transmitting disease, and fails to do its duty 
in teaching the children the dangers of this unsanitary practice. 

There is no easier way to transmit disease than by the 
use of the common cup. There is no time like that of child- 
hood to impress this vital fact. Once children learn that it is 
unsanitary; that by drinking from the cup of another they may 
"catch something" it is very likely they will always use their 
individual cups. 

The teacher who has impressed this important lesson on 
the pupils has accomplished far more for them than if the 
entire class were able to solve the most difficult problems in 
mathematics. 





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f^'The Importance 
and Value ofiyfedfcal 
Examination<rin 
f he School 




The old adage "A Stitch in Time Saves Nine" was never 
more true than when applied to the importance of periodical 
medical examination of school children. 

If there is a child in your school you have labeled dull or 
stupid — who is not displayng the normal curiosity to find out 
what is on the printed page, have you ever stopped to think 
that perhaps this child has some physical defect responsible for 
this condition? 



Perhaps it is defective vision, which a trip to the oculist 
and a pair of glasses will correct. Possibly you may have 
noticed the obvious signs of mouth breathing and nasal tone 
which are almost positive evidence of adenoids. 

These soft growths in the nasal passages retard breath- 
ing and make the child susceptible to colds, pneumonia, tuber- 
culosis and other diseases which attack the lungs and air 
passages. 

The intelligent teacher, spurred by the desire for the good 
health, good attendance and rapid progress of the pupils will 
do everything possible to bring home to the parents and others 
interested in child welfare the great importance of periodical 
medical examination of school children. 

Teachers and parents generally should come to a fuller 
realization that the development of the mind without an ac- 
companying development of the body is futile and unavailing. 

By detecting and correcting defects in the early stages 
many handicaps in manhood and womanhood would be 
avoided. 



Diphtheria 



Diphtheria 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Onset may be rapid or gradual. The early signs are those 
of sore throat with grayish-white patches on the membrane of 
throat, palate or tonsils. 

There may be swelling of the glands of the neck about 
the angle of the jaw. Later in the disease there is great pros- 
tration. 

Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from the mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. Diphtheria germs may be car- 
ried by an infected person or recently infected article. 

Incubation Period 

2 to 7 days; oftenest 2. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease until health officer gives per- 
mission to return. 

Exclude other children who are from same home unless 
there is a change of residence, in which case exclude seven 
days, and then readmit if there have been no symptoms of 
disease and if children do not return to infected house. 

Remarks 

This is a very serious disease. When more than one case 
occurs in a class room all children suffering from sore throat 
should be excluded. 

Diphtheria varies greatly in its form, and mild cases are 
sometimes not recognized. They are, however, as infectious 
as severe ones, so that every precaution should be taken. 

Having had the disease confers no immunity. All ex- 
posed children should be immunized against the disease by the 
injection of diphtheria antitoxin. 



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Scarlet 
Fever 



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Scarlet Fever 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

The onset is usually sudden. Vomiting, sore throat, head- 
ache or fever may be first symptoms noted. Unlike measles, 
eyes are not watery or congested in beginning of disease. 

The rash usually appears within 24 hours and is seen 
first on the neck and upper part of the chest. It appears as 
fine spots, evenly diffused and bright red. Later the skin peels 
in scales, flakes, or large pieces. In the early part of the disease 
the tongue is usually whiteish, with bright red spots resembling 
a strawberry. 

» Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. 

Incubation Period 

1 to 7 days; most often 2 to 4. 

Exclusion. 

Exclude child with disease for a minimum period of 35 
days. 

Exclude other children who are from same home unless 
there is a change of residence, in which case exclude for 10 
days and then readmit if there have been no symptoms of dis- 
ease and if children do not return to infected home. 

Remarks 

Scarlet Fever is dangerous, both during the attack and 
because of the after effects. 

Slight attacks are as infectious as severe ones. 

There is a great variation in the type of the disease, and 
many mild cases are not recognized, and are frequently re- 
sponsible for starting severe epidemics. 

The peeling may last from 6 to 8 weeks from the onset 
of the disease. Second attack is rare. 

When scarlet fever is occurring in a school, all children 
with sore throat should be sent home. 



MODERN HEALTH CRUSADERS 




SCHOOL 4 

LEAGUE DFMODERN HEALTH 
CRUSADERS 




A Valuable Form of Health Education in the Schools. 

The Modern Health Crusader Movement had its origin in 
the annual Christmas Seal Campaign, but the manifest value 
of the active interest of children in public health has led to its 
extension throughout the year. In 1918 more than one mil- 
lion children in the United States were enlisted as Modern 
Health Crusaders. 

The ultimate hope for the prevention of tuberculosis and 
other communicable disease lies in the children. Teachers, 
nurses and others interested in health work in every city, town 
and rural school center are invited and urged to enlist Modern 
Health Crusaders and to organize leagues as a means of pro- 
moting health among children anl through them the entire 
community. 

Modern Health Crusaders are children between 6 and 16 
years of age, who meet the requirements stated in the certifi- 
cate of enrollment published by the agencies fostering this 
movement. 

The certificate of enrollment is a handsome card, printed 
in a new design each year and sets out the requirements neces- 
sary for membership. The boy or girl agrees to keep the Cru- 
saders Health Rules to the end of the year; to do nothing that 
may hurt the health of any person; to help keep the home and 
town clean and to do at least 75 per cent of the 72 "Health 
Chores" in each of two weeks. 

The record of "Health Chores" is a folder on which the 
child and his parents may check off those hygienic tasks during 
a period of from one to fifteen weeks. These tasks cover 
simple hygienic matters, like washing the hands before eating, 
brushing the teeth, taking baths, sleeping with windows open, 
etc. 

Besides the certificate of enrollment, badges are provided 
as awards and marks of rank for Crusaders who meet the ad- 
vanced requirements. (See illustrations at top of page.) 

The Junior Red Cross has officially endorsed this most 
worthy movement and its members and others interested are 
urged to become affiliated. 

The Modern Health Crusader's Manual gives the full history 
and outline of the purpose and practical working of this move- 
ment and will be sent free on request to superintendents, 
teachers and others interested in child welfare. 



I 



RodCfoss So air- 

\0koi1FioyDoAncI How Children Can Help 



Red Cross Christmas Seals are the means whereby 
the American Red Cross combats the dreadful disease, 
tuberculosis. 

They are the medium whereby funds are raised 
each year to carry on a most essential work against this 
destructive disease which is one of the greatest enemies 
of our population. 

They make possible the carrying on of a noble 
work in Texas, where up to a few years ago very little 
had been done to educate the public as to the nature- 
cause, treatment and prevention of tuberculosis. 

The Texas State Tuberculosis Sanatorium does not 
itself sell Red Cross Seals, but it indorses the sale of the 
seals most heartily. The Sanatorium is supported by 
appropriations from the State Legislature. It is not an 
"institution" in the strict meaning of the word. 

It is in the nature of a great school. It has beds 
for three hundred and twenty-five patients, patients be- 
ing allowed to stay six months, though many stay a 
shorter time. It thus "turns out" from seven hundred 
to a thousand "graduates," with a working knowledge 
of tuberculosis, its treatment and prevention. 

The Bureau of Correspondence and Information of 
the Sanatorium is the Extension Department or Pub- 
licity Department, corresponding to the same establish- 
ment in a college or university. This Bureau furnishes 
people who are unable from any cause to attend the 
Sanatorium with literature on tuberculosis. It also fur- 
nishes articles to newspapers, sends bulletins to physi- 
cians, health workers, and so on. More about the work 
of the Bureau is told on another page. 

This little pamphlet is published by the bureau. 



Small Pox 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Onset likely to be sudden. Nausea and fever, accompan- 
ied by backache. Rash is seen first about the face and wrists. 
It consists first of small red spot, which quickly become ele- 
vated and hard like shot felt under the skin. 

Source of Infection 

All discharges from nose, mouth, sores and scabs convey 
infection. 

Incubation Period 

9 to 15 days; most often 12. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease until all crusts or scales have 
fallen off. Exclude other children from same home unless 
there is a change of residence in which case exclude for 14 days 
and then readmit if there have been no symptoms of disease 
and if children do not return to infected home. Children who 
have been successfully vaccinated need not be excluded, pro- 
vided there is a change of residence. 

Remarks 

Smallpox is particularly infectious. 

After the occurrence of a case, all persons in the school 
or in the vicinity of the home of the patient should be vac- 
cinated. 



Whooping Cough 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Early symptoms resemble those of a cold in the head. 
Later there is persistent cough which grows worse at night. 
The characteristic "whoop" does not develop until about a 
week or more after the onset of the disease. Spasms of cough- 
ing often end in vomiting. 

Source of Infection 

Discharges sprayed or thrown from mouth or nose in 
coughing, sneezing or spitting. 

Incubation Period 

7 to 14 days; most often 10 to 14. 

Exclusion 

Exclude child with disease until one week after "whoop" 
ceases — usually a period of six weeks. 

Well children from the same home may attend school. 

Remarks 

Whooping cough is especially infectious during the first 
few weeks. 

There is great variation in the type of disease. 
Second attacks are rare. It may cause great debility. 



Small Pox 



Whooping 
Cough 



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Tuberculosis 



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Trachoma 



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Tuberculosis 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Occurs in the pulmonary form (consumption) and is also 
frequently manifested by the enlargement of the glands of the 
neck or inflammation of the bones or joints. Its development 
is insidious and gradual, characterized usually by failure in nu- 
trition, cough, often with expectoration, fever and rapid pulse 
and marked impairment of energy and interest. 

The glandular and bone and joint forms are as a rule 
easily recognized, but any bone or joint swelling with pain, 
limping gait or faulty posture should be regarded with suspicion. 

Method of Infection 

By inhalation, by ingestion of the specific or pathogenic 
organism, the tubercle bacillus in milk or other foods. Rarely 
also by inoculation. 

Exclusion. 

To be excluded while the sputum contains the bacilli. 
Generally advisable to exclude until disease is apparently ar- 
rested. 

Remarks 

Very communicable while the sputum contains bacilli, 
unless adequate precautions are taken. Additional informa- 
tion on the prevention and cure of tuberculosis will be sent 
upon request. 



Trachoma 



Principal Early Signs and Symptoms 

Eyes feel sore at first as if foreign substance were present. 
Then become red and painful and discharge water. Some pus 
is also present. The eyelashes stick together in the morning. 
Later the inner surface of the eyelids become rough and gran- 
ulated. The lids become swollen and cause a drooping of the 
upper lid. Constant irritation causes the eyeball to become red 
and painful. 



Contact 
trachoma. 



with 



Method of Infection. 

from eyes 



discharges 



of person having 



Incubation Period 

Not known. 



Exclusion 

Child should be excluded until eyes are apparently cured. 
Other children from the same house may attend school. 

Remarks 

Trachoma frequently ends in total blindness or seriously 
impaired vision. 



• i 



Some of the Educational Material Offered 
By the Texas State Tuberculosis Sana- 
torium In the Fight Against Disease 



LITERATURE 

This association has prepared 
for general distribution a num- 
ber of pieces of educational lit- 
erature. 

A thirty-two page pamphlet 
prepared by medical specialists 
entitled, "What You Should 
Know About Tuberculosos" con- 
tains useful facts for the tuber- 
culous and those living with 
them. 

A pamphlet entitled "Sleep- 
ing and Sitting in the Open 
Air" presents a summary of the 
methods for obtaining fresh air 
and gives practical hints for the 
construction of shacks, sleeping 
porches and other fresh air ar- 
rangements. 

"A Tuberculosis Primer for 
School Children" is a booklet de- 
signed for the younger children. 
It is in the nature of a textbook, 
as its name implies, and at the 
end of each chapter is provided 
a set of questions for the use of 
the teacher who desires to make 
the "primer" a part of the regu- 
lar school work. Simply worded 
and attractively illustrated. 

The exposure of the dangers 
in patent medicines which are 
offered the public as "cures" 
for tuberculosis is given in a 
pamphlet entitled "Fake Con- 
sumption Cures." 

"What Everyone Should Know 
About Tuberculosis" is a pamph- 
let designed primarily for boys 
and girls in the intermediate and 
high school grades. Illustrated 
and contains much valuable in- 
formation. 

A folder entitled "Some Talk- 
ing Points About Tuberculosis" 
gives statistical facts and sugges- 
tions for lecturers, preachers, 
physicians and others who are 
called upon to speak on the pre- 
vention of tuberculosis. 

The Sanatorium publishes 
many other leaflets, folders and 
pamphlets. It issues a monthly 
bulletin to physicians consisting 
usually of articles by prominent 



tuberculosis specialists dealing' 
with the early detection, preven- 
tion and treatment of tubercu- 
losis. 

All of the publications of the 
Sanatorium are furnished free of 
charge to residents of Texas. 

HEALTH EDUCATION IN 
SCHOOLS 

No form of this Sanatorium 
activities is considered of 
greater value than the move- 
ment to encourage good health 
habits among the school chil- 
dren. Anyone interested in child- 
ren may accomplish great good 
in the schools at small sacrifice 
of time and effort by the proper 
use of material furnished by this 
institution. 

The Sanatorium co-operates 
with the Texas Public Health As- 
sociation, the state anti-tubercu- 
losis association of Texas, in all 
of its work. The Modern Health 
Crusader movement, fostered by 
the Texas Public Health Associa- 
tion, is a most commendable one. 
Its object is to arouse interest in 
better health among school child- 
ren. The Sanatorium considers 
this to be one of the most com- 
mendable health movements of 
the age, and one that will be pro- 
ductive of the most good. All in- 
quiries concerning this phase of 
the anti-tuberculosis campaign 
will be referred to the Texas Pub- 
lic Health Association, or an in- 
quiry addressed to the Headquar- 
ters of the Association at Austin, 
Texas, will receive prompt atten- 
tion. 

The Open Air School has 
proved to be one of the most 
valuable agencies in conserving 
the health of school children, 
especially those who have ten- 
dencies to tuberculosis. It is 
found that children make better 
progress in their studies in such 
schools because of improved 
health, and are benefitted both 
physically and mentally to a re- 
markable degree. 

The Sanatorium invites cor- 
respondence on this subject. 



Some of the Educational Material Offered 
By the Texas State Tuberculosis Sana- 
torium in the Fight Against Disease 



LANTERN SLIDES 

No time is so opportune and 
no means so certain to gain pub- 
lic attention as that furnished 
by the picture show. Between 
acts the patrons of the show are 
waiting for diverson, and 
shrewd advertisers everywhere 
are taking advantage of this op- 
portunity to give their message 
to the people through catchy 
slides. 



Anti-Tuberculosis associations 
and all societies engaged in the 
war against disease should make 
use, where possible, of this sure 
means of making a favorable im- 
pression on public opinion. 



We have prepared a series of 
eighteen slides, graphically and 
pointedly portraying the facts 
concerning tuberculosis and the 
best means of combatting and 
preventing it. A complete set of 
these slides will be loaned to 
Anti - Tuberculosis associations, 
women's clubs, or any other so- 
cieties interested in the public 
health. No charge is made for 
their use. 



Moving picture show proprie- 
tors are usually enterprising and 
public spirited citizens and are 
glad to serve the community's 
interests. Little difficulty should 
be met in arranging to run these 
slides, one series each two weeks. 



LECTURE SERVICE 

Another means of education 
employed by the Sanatorium has 
wide range of possibilities. This 
is the lecture service. 

A very interesting and care- 
fully planned stock lecture on 
tuberculosis has been prepared in 
such form that it can be pre- 
sented by any person who will 
read it carefully. A series of 
lantern slides which accompany 
the lecture add greatly to the in- 
terest and effectiveness of the 
text. 

Any organization desiring the 
use of this stock lecture should 
notify the Sanatorium of the date 
of the meeting well in advance of 
the time, and the lantern slides 
will be sent, together with the 
lecture itself. 



It is of great advantage 
though not absolutely essential, 
to have the lecture presented by 
some one who is posted on the 
subject of public health and can 
speak and add comment with 
some measure of authority. The 
introduction of features especial- 
ly pertaining to the community 
in which the lecture is delivered 
will add greatly to its interest and 
effectiveness. 



A circular letter has been sent 
to every picture show in Texas, 
with the request that the three 
series of slides, eighteen slides in 
all, be run by them, with inter- 
vals of two weeks between series. 
The great loss to moving picture 
show proprietors because of the 
closing down of their theaters 
when the influenza pandemic was 
at its height will undoubtedly 
serve to influence them to a fa- 
vorable consideration of our re- 
quest. 



Through an arrangement with 
the Extension Department of the 
University of Texas an elaborate 
lecture, prepared by the Sana- 
torium, illustrated by about fifty 
slides, is being presented through- 
out the State. An effort has been 
made to make this lecture truly 
illustrative of conditions in Texas 
and it is believed that it will play 
a considerable part in the work 
of arousing the people to the ne- 
cessity of fighting the Great 
White Plague. 



=a 



PEDICULOSIS OR HEAD LICE 

Light gray insects. Lay eggs or "nits" in the hair at the 
nape of the neck and about the ears. Symptoms are irritation 
and itching of the scalp. The usual treatment is to soak the 
hair in kerosene or in turpentine, wash thoroughly with soap 
and hot water. Repeat three successive nights. Scrupulous 
care and cleanliness are sufficient to prevent recurrence. Con- 
tagious. Exclude child until head is free from lice. 



RINGWORM OF THE SKIN 

Begins as a small, reddish, scaly patch about the size of 
a pea. Gradually increases in size until it may reach that of a 
silver dollar. Meanwhile central (oldest) part recovers and a 
characteristic ring like appearance results. Located on face, 
wrists, neck or hands. The usual treatment is to apply tincture 
of iodine. Mildly contagious. Exclude child until skin is 
healed. 



SCABIES OR ITCH 

An infectious eruption found most frequently on palm 
of hand and between fingers. The usual treatment is to wash 
affected parts thoroughly with warm water and soap and then 
anoint with a diluted sulphur ointment. Child should be kept 
separate until cured. Sleep alone. All clothing and bed linen 
should be boiled for one-half hour. Quite contagious, espe- 
cialy to others in same family. Exclude child until eruption 
has entirely disappeared. 



IMPETIGO OR "CONTAGIOUS SORE" 

Sores which soon form loose scales. Appear on face. 
The usual treatment is to apply some antiseptic ointment. Child 
should use separate towels. Very contagious, especially in the 
spring. Exclude child until sores have disappeared. 



Pediculosis 
or- Head Lice 



Ringworm of 
the Skin 



Scabies or 
Itch 



Impetigo 

' 'Contagious Sore" 



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3L* 



What the State Tuberculosis Sanatorium 
Has Accomplished 




In addition to its routine work through its Bureau of Correspondence and Infor- 
mation the State Tuberculosis Sanatorium has accomplished these things: 

It has covered the state with hundreds of thousands of pieces of literature, 
describing the nature of tuberculosis and presenting the simple and effective methods 
for its prevention and cure. 

It has given state-wide help to organizations interested in child welfare by 
distributing a large amount of helpful literature. 

It has provided 5,000 doctors in Texas with monthly bulletins, consisting of arti- 
cles written by eminent specialists, on early detection and diagnosis of pulmonary and 
other forms of tuberculosis. 

It has furnished articles to 1,000 newspapers, secured the co-operation of mem- 
bers of 4,000 lodges, 517 Woman's Clubs, 140 Medical Societies, 36 Y. M. C, A. Organ- 
izations, 117 Public Libraries. It has furnished information on tuberculosis to 252 
County Judges, 1400 Rotary Club Members, 380 Manufacturers, besides corresponding 
with thousands of tuberculous people, directly. 

It has prepared three series of lantern slides, six slides to the series, to be exhib- 
ited in as many of the 1000 picture shows in Texas as will show them. These slides 
present vividly the simple methods of prevention and treatment of tuberculosis. 

It has provided all discharged and returned soldiers whose names could be ob- 
tained with application blanks for admission to the Sanatorium. A number of soldiers 
have taken advantage of this service, and a still larger number have been placed in other 
sanatoria and supplied with information on home treatment. 

It has sold at cost hundreds of dollars worth of sputum cups and holders, and 
clinical thermometers. Everyone, regardless of whether or not he or she has tubercu- 
losis, should use a sputum cup. Clinical thermometers are indispensable in finding one's 
true condition of health. This feature of the Bureau's activities will be continued to the 
limit. 

It has conducted a training school for graduate nurses to prepare them especially 
for tuberculosis nursing. Nurses trained in t his school serve only in Texas cities. 

It will provide a corps of lecturers fo r local communities throughout Texas 

It will give illustrated lectures on tuberculosis, its cause, means of prevention and 
cure, throughout Texas. 

It has provided literature for co-operation with local home service sections, in car- 
ing for cases of tuberculosis among discharged and returned soldiers. 




What This Sanatorium Hopes 
to Accomplish in the Future. 



The Texas State Tuberculosis Sanatorium expects 
to enlarge on every one of its activities inaugurated 
through its Bureau of Correspondence and Information. 



It will put into effect a follow-up system of ex- 
patients, keeping a record of activities, occupations and 
physical condition of all who have passed through the 
Sanatorium and will send a visiting nurse to assist such 
ex-patients in continuing to keep up their treatment, 
when necessary. 



It will make provision for educating the Negro 
and foreign language speaking population of the State. 
It will encourage the providing of sanatoria for Negroes. 



It will continue to urge the use of sputum cups and 
clinical thermometers — selling these supplies at cost. 

It will co-operate, especially with physicians. The 
physician is the sick man's best friend. 

It will co-operate with every organization in the 
State to combat tuberculosis and other communicable 
diseases in order that Texas may be a better state to 
live in. 



LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 



021 331 066 5 



TWortt 




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